CXCL1 is belonging to the CXC chemokine family. It is encoded by the GRO gene now designated CXCL1. All three human GROs (GRO-α, GRO-β, GRO-γ) are members of the alpha (chemokine C-X-C) subfamily of chemokine. This chemokine is secreted by monocytes and macrophages. CXCL1 is secreted by human melanoma cells, and also expressed by macrophages, neutrophils and epithelial cells. CXCL1 has chemotactic activity for neutrophils, and plays a role in inflammation and wound healing. The functional receptor for CXCL1 has been identified as CXCR2. Recombinant human GRO-α/CXCL1 is a 7.9kDa protein containing 73 amino acid residues.